Igwe eji arụ ọrụ bụ ngwakọta nke ihe ndị mmadụ mere, yana mmegharị ahụ doro anya n'etiti akụrụngwa nke ọ bụla, nke nwere ike inyere ndị mmadụ aka ibelata ihe isi ike nke ọrụ ma ọ bụ chekwaa ego.
Ngwa ngwaọrụ ike. mgbagwoju Igwe nwere igwe abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa dị mfe, a na-akpọkwa igwe mgbagwoju anya igwe.
Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị igwe, nke enwere ike kewaa n'ime igwe ugbo, igwe Ngwuputa, igwe owuwu, igwe petrochemical n'ozuzu, igwe eletriki, na ngwa igwe dika ulo oru a na-eje ozi, Ngwa, ntọala. Machinery, nkwakọ igwe, gburugburu ebe obibi ígwè ọrụ, wdg Steel maka ígwè nrụpụta, structural ígwè eji arụ ọrụ n'ibu akụkụ na-ebu ibu ma ọ bụ na-ebufe ọrụ na ike, makwaara dị ka igwe structural ígwè. Kewara site na ebumnuche
Igwe anaghị agba nchara na ọkụ, elu siri ike
Chemical ígwè (gụnyere carburizing ígwè, nitriding ígwè, obere hard hardability ígwè), free-egbutu ígwè, na-agbanwe ígwè na Rolling bearing steel, wdg.
1. Nchara na-agbanyụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ
A na-emenyụ igwe anaghị agba nchara ma na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-ekpo ọkụ tupu ejiri ya wee nweta ike na ike dị mkpa. Ọdịnaya carbon nke carbon quenched na igwe ọkụ bụ 0.03 ~ 0.60%.
N'ihi ike siri ike ya dị obere.
A na-eji ya na-emepụta akụkụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ na obere akụkụ akụkụ, ọdịdị dị mfe ma ọ bụ obere ibu. A na-eme ígwè na-ekpo ọkụ na carbon carbon
Na ndabere nke ígwè dị elu, a na-agbakwunye otu ihe ma ọ bụ karịa
Ngụkọta ego nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe na-eme ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-agbakwunye-n'ozuzu anaghị agafe 5%. Alloy quenched na tempered steel nwere ezigbo ike ike ma enwere ike iji ya mee ihe
Na-esi ike na mmanụ, obere nrụrụ na-emenyụ, ike dị mma na ike
Akara nchara a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ 40Cr, 35CrMo, 40MnB, wdg. Ogo nke akụkụ ahụ buru ibu.
, Akụkụ ndị dị mkpa nwere nnukwu ibu, dị ka aero engine main shaft, elu-ọsọ dizel engine crankshaft.
Na mkpara njikọ, isi ogwe nke uzuoku turbines na generators, wdg.
Akara akara igwe nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya nke ihe na-eme alloying, dị ka 40CrNiMo, 18CrNiW, 25Cr2Ni4MoV, wdg.
2. Carburized ígwè
A na-eji ígwè na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta akụkụ ndị na-achọ ebe siri ike na nke na-eguzogide ọgwụ na ihe siri ike na mmetụta na-eguzogide ọgwụ, dị ka ntụtụ, piston pin, gears, wdg. , iji hụ na ike nke isi nke akụkụ ahụ, mgbe ọgwụgwọ carburizing gasịrị, enwere ike ịmepụta akwa carbon na akwa siri ike na-eguzogide oyi n'elu. Enwere ike iji alloy carburizing maka akụkụ ndị ọzọ dị mkpa. Steel, akara akara nchara a na-ejikarị bụ 20CrMnTi, 20CrMo, 20Cr, wdg.
3. Nitrided ígwè
Nitrided ígwè nwere ihe alloying nwere njikọ siri ike maka nitrogen, dị ka aluminom, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, wdg, iji kwado ntinye nke nitrogen. Ngwunye nitrided siri ike, na-eguzogide ọgwụ na corrosion karịa oyi akwa carburized, mana oyi akwa carburized.
Ngwunye nitrogen dị gịrịgịrị. Mgbe nitriding gasịrị, nrụrụ akụkụ ahụ dị ntakịrị, a na-ejikarị ya arụpụta akụkụ ziri ezi na obere ihe a na-ekwe ka ọ na-eyi, dị ka spindles igwe na-egweri, plunger ụzọ abụọ, nkenke gia, valvụ ị ga, wdg, akara akara nchara na-ejikarị. Enwere 38CrMoAl.
4. Obere hardening ígwè
Obere hardenability ígwè bụ pụrụ iche carbon ígwè nwere obere ihe fọdụrụ dị ka manganese na silicon. Akụkụ dị n'etiti akụkụ nke ụdị ígwè a na-esi ike imenyụ karịa carbon structural steel nkịtị n'oge a na-emenyụ. Ọzọkwa, a na-ekesa oyi akwa siri ike nke ọma n'akụkụ akụkụ elu nke akụkụ ahụ, ebe etiti etiti ahụ na-edobe matriks dị nro na nke siri ike iji dochie ígwè ígwè carburized iji mee gia, bushings, wdg, nke nwere ike ịchekwa ego. Oge carburizing usoro, na-azọpụta ike oriri. Iji kwekọọ ike nke akụkụ etiti ahụ na isi ike nke elu nke ọma, ọdịnaya carbon ya na-abụkarị 0.50 ~ 0.70%.
5. Free ịkpụ ígwè
Igwe nchara n'efu bụ mgbakwunye nke otu ma ọ bụ karịa ihe ndị dị ka sọlfọ, lead, calcium, selenium, wdg na nchara iji belata ike ịkpụ. Ọnụ ego agbakwunyere na-abụkarị naanị puku kwuru puku ma ọ bụ ihe na-erughị ya. Ahụ, ma ọ bụ na-agbakwụnye ihe ndị na-ejikọta ya na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na nchara na-emepụta ụdị ntinye nke na-ebelata esemokwu ma na-akwalite mgbawa mgbawa n'oge usoro ịkpụ, ka ịgbatị ndụ ngwá ọrụ ma belata ịkpụ. Ebumnuche nke ịcha ike, na-emeziwanye ihe dị n'elu, wdg Ebe ọ bụ na mgbakwunye nke sọlfọ ga-ebelata ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke ígwè, a na-ejikarị emepụta akụkụ ndị na-ebu ọkụ. Igwe nchara n'efu nke oge a n'ihi arụmọrụ. A na-ejikwa nkwalite n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ichepụta akụkụ akpaaka.
6. Mmiri ígwè
Nchara na-agbanwe nwere oke ngbanwe dị elu, oke ike ọgwụgwụ na oke mkpụrụ. Isi ngwa ya bụ isi iyi. A na-eji mmiri mmiri eme ihe n'ọtụtụ igwe na ngwa dị iche iche. Enwere ike kewaa ọdịdị ha. E nwere ụdị isi iyi akwụkwọ na isi iyi mmiri. Ọrụ bụ isi nke oge opupu ihe ubi bụ ihe na-akpata ujo na nchekwa ike. Nrụrụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, nnabata nke ike mmetụta, mbelata mmetụta, dị ka mmiri na-ebufe na ụgbọ ala na ụgbọ ala ndị ọzọ; mmiri ahụ nwekwara ike ịhapụ ike na-etinye uche na ya iji mee ka akụkụ ndị ọzọ mezuo ụfọdụ omume, dị ka mmiri valvụ na engine, isi iyi okpokoro ngwá ọrụ, wdg.
7. Na-ebu ígwè
Ngwongwo na-ebu ígwè nwere nnukwu isi ike na otu ma na-eyi nguzogide, yana oke ngbanwe dị elu. Ịdị n'otu nke ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nke ígwè na-ebu ígwè, ọdịnaya na nkesa nke ihe ndị na-abụghị ígwè, na carbides. Nkesa nkesa na ihe ndị ọzọ chọrọ nke ígwè ahụ siri ike, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime akara nchara kachasị mma na mmepụta ígwè niile. A na-eji ígwè na-ebu ígwè emepụta bọọlụ, rollers na aka aka nke bearings. A pụkwara iji ọkwa ígwè mee nkenke ngwá ọrụ, oyi anwụ oyi, igwe ngwá ọrụ ịghasa, dị ka anwụ, ngwá ọrụ, mgbata na mmanụ dizel mmanụ mgbapụta nkenke akụkụ.