Mechini ke motsoako oa likarolo tsa 'mele tse entsoeng ke motho, tse nang le motsamao o tiileng pakeng tsa karolo ka 'ngoe, e ka thusang batho ho fokotsa bothata ba mosebetsi kapa ho boloka chelete.
Sesebelisoa sa sesebelisoa sa matla. complex Mochini o entsoe ka mechini e mebedi kapa ho feta e bonolo, mme metjhini e rarahaneng hangata e bitswa metjhini.
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea mechini, e ka aroloa ka mechini ea temo, mechini ea meepo, metjhini ea kaho, metjhini e akaretsang ea petrochemical, metjhini ea motlakase le lisebelisoa tsa mochini ho latela liindasteri tse sebeletsoang, Instrumentation, motheo. Mechini, metjhini e pakang, metjhini e sirelletsang tikoloho, jj. Tšepe bakeng sa ho etsa metjhini, tshepe e raliloeng e sebelisetsoang ho etsa likarolo tsa mochini tse jarang moroalo kapa tse fetisang mosebetsi le matla, tse tsejoang hape e le tšepe ea sebopeho sa mochini. E arotsoe ka sepheo
Tšepe e tingoeng le e halefileng, sebaka se thata
Litšepe tsa lik'hemik'hale (ho kenyeletsoa tšepe ea carburizing, tšepe ea nitriding, tšepe e thata e tlase), tšepe e sehang mahala, tšepe ea rekere le tšepe e rolang, jj.
1. Tšepe e tingoeng le e halefileng
Litšepe tse tingoeng le tse halefileng hangata lia tima ebe lia halefa pele li sebelisoa ho fihlela matla le boima bo hlokahalang. Khabone ea khabone e timang le tšepe e futhumetseng ke 0.03 ~ 0.60%.
Ka lebaka la boima ba eona bo fokolang,
E sebelisoa feela ho etsa likarolo tsa mochini tse nang le boholo bo nyane ba likarolo, sebopeho se bonolo kapa mojaro o tlase. Alloy quenched and tempered steel e entsoe ka carbon
Motheong oa tšepe ea boleng bo holimo, ho eketsoa karolo e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta
Kakaretso ea likarolo tsa alloying e kenyellelitsoeng-ka kakaretso ha e fete 5%. Alloy quenched and tempered steel e na le hard hardability mme e ka sebelisoa ho
E thata ka oli, deformation e nyane ea ho tima, matla a betere le ho tiea
Limaraka tsa tšepe tse sebelisoang hangata ke 40Cr, 35CrMo, 40MnB, joalo-joalo. Boholo ba karolo ea sefapano bo boholo.
, Likarolo tsa bohlokoa tse nang le mojaro o phahameng, joalo ka shaft e kholo ea enjine ea aero, crankshaft ea enjene ea dizeli e lebelo le holimo
Le lithupa tse kopanyang, li-shafts tse kholo tsa li-turbine tsa mouoane le lijenereithara, joalo-joalo.
Limaraka tsa tšepe tse nang le litaba tse phahameng tsa likarolo tsa alloying, joalo ka 40CrNiMo, 18CrNiW, 25Cr2Ni4MoV, joalo-joalo.
2. Tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe
Carburized steel e sebelisetsoa ho etsa likarolo tse hlokang libaka tse thata le tse sa senyeheng le li-cores tse matla le tse hananang le tšusumetso, joalo ka li-chain pin, piston pins, gears, joalo-joalo. Khabone ea tšepe ea carburized e tlase, e leng 0.10~0.30% , e le ho etsa bonnete ba ho tiea ha karolo ea mantlha ea karolo, ka mor'a phekolo ea carburizing, ho ka thehoa lera le manganga le nang le carbon e phahameng le le thata haholo holim'a metsi. Alloy carburizing e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa likarolo tsa bohlokoa ho feta. Tšepe, limaraka tsa tšepe tse sebelisoang hangata ke 20CrMnTi, 20CrMo, 20Cr, joalo-joalo.
3. Tšepe ea nitrided
Litšepe tse nang le nitrided li na le likarolo tsa motsoako tse nang le kamano e matla ea naetrojene, joalo ka aluminium, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, joalo-joalo, ho thusa ho kenella ha naetrojene. Lera le nang le nitrided le thata, le hanana le ho bola le ho bola ho hoholo ho feta lesela le nang le carburized, empa lera le nang le carburized.
Lera la naetrojene le tšesaane. Ka mor'a nitriding, deformation ea likarolo e nyenyane, 'me e atisa ho sebelisoa ho etsa likarolo tse nepahetseng tse nang le liaparo tse nyenyane tse lumelletsoeng, tse kang li-spindle tsa mochini o silang, li-plunger pairs, li-gears tse nepahetseng, li-valve stems, joalo-joalo, limaraka tsa tšepe tse sebelisoang hangata. Ho na le 38CrMoAl.
4. Tšepe e fokolang e thata
Tšepe e thata e tlaase ke tšepe e khethehileng ea carbon e nang le likarolo tse fokolang tse kang manganese le silicon. Karolo e bohareng ea likarolo tse entsoeng ka mofuta ona oa tšepe e thata ho tima ho feta tšepe e tloaelehileng ea carbon structural nakong ea ho tima. Ho feta moo, lera le thatafalitsoeng ha e le hantle le ajoa ka mokhoa o lekanang ho pota-potiloe ke karolo e ka holimo ea karolo, ha karolo e bohareng e boloka matrix e bonolo le e thata ho nka sebaka sa tšepe ea carburized ho etsa li-gear, bushings, joalo-joalo, tse ka bolokang chelete. Ts'ebetso ea nako ea carburizing, ho boloka tšebeliso ea matla. E le ho bapisa ho tiea ha karolo e bohareng le ho thatafala ha bokaholimo ka nepo, khabone ea eona hangata ke 0.50 ~ 0.70%.
5. Tšepe ea ho itšeha mahala
Tšepe e sa lefelloeng ke ho eketsoa ha ntho e le 'ngoe kapa tse ling tse kang sebabole, lead, calcium, selenium, joalo-joalo ho tšepe ho fokotsa matla a ho itšeha. Chelete e ekelitsoeng hangata ke likete tse seng kae kapa ka tlase ho moo. 'Mele, kapa likarolo tse eketsang tse kopantsoeng le likarolo tse ling tsa tšepe ho theha mofuta oa li-inclusions tse fokotsang khohlano le ho khothaletsa ho robeha ha chip nakong ea ho itšeha, e le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lisebelisoa le ho fokotsa ho itšeha. Sepheo sa ho itšeha matla, ho ntlafatsa holim'a metsi, joalo-joalo Kaha ho phaella ha sebabole ho tla fokotsa thepa ea mechine ea tšepe, hangata e sebelisoa feela ho etsa likarolo tse nang le leseli. Litšepe tsa morao-rao tse sa lefelloeng ka lebaka la ts'ebetso. Lintlafatso li boetse li sebelisoa haholo ha ho etsoa likarolo tsa likoloi.
6. Tšepe ea selemo
Tšepe ea elastic e na le moeli o phahameng oa rekere, moeli oa mokhathala le karolelano ea lihlahisoa. Tšebeliso ea eona e kholo ke liliba. Li-Spring li sebelisoa haholo mecheng le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng. Ponahalo ea bona e ka aroloa. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea liliba tsa makhasi le li-coil springs. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa selemo ke ho monya ho ts'oha le ho boloka matla. The deformation elastic, ho monya matla a tšusumetso, phokotso ea tšusumetso, joalo ka buffer springs likoloing le likoloing tse ling; selemo se ka boela sa lokolla matla a kenngoa ho etsa hore likarolo tse ling li phethe liketso tse itseng, tse kang "valve spring" holim'a enjene, sesebelisoa Table springs, joalo-joalo.
7. Ho jara tšepe
Ho jara tšepe ho na le boima bo phahameng le bo ts'oanang le ho hanyetsa ho roala, hammoho le moeli o phahameng oa rekere. Ho tšoana ha lik'hemik'hale tsa tšepe e nang le tšepe, likahare le kabo ea li-inclusions tse se nang tšepe, le li-carbides. Kabo le litlhoko tse ling tsa tšepe li thata haholo, 'me ke e' ngoe ea litekanyetso tse thata ka ho fetisisa tsa tšepe tlhahisong eohle ea tšepe. Ho roala tšepe ho sebelisoa ho etsa libolo, li-rollers le matsoho a li-bearings. Mokhahlelo oa tšepe o ka boela oa sebelisoa ho etsa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng, lefu le batang, sekoti sa sesebelisoa sa mochini, joalo ka "die, tool, pompo le likarolo tse nepahetseng tsa pompo ea oli ea diesel.